Climate

Sizing an investment, preparing a crop, or backing an adaptation plan requires knowing the climate you have had and the one that is coming. The European C3S service puts that foundation within reach of any organization.

ERA5: hourly global climate since 1940

What you can do today

The Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) is the backbone of any serious climate service in Europe. These four applications rest on its operational products, with their real resolutions and licenses:

ERA5 reanalysis

The reference reanalysis: hourly global climate from 1940 at roughly 28-31 km resolution, with ERA5-Land at 9 km since 1950. Free access through the Climate Data Store, under a CC BY 4.0 license that allows commercial use.

1940-present · hourly

Projections and the Climate Atlas

The Copernicus Interactive Climate Atlas (2024) gathers 35 variables from 12 datasets, including CMIP6 and CORDEX projections at about 12.5 km over Europe: scenarios you can consult without building your own infrastructure.

CMIP6/CORDEX · ~12.5 km in Europe

Physical climate risk and adaptation

On top of reanalysis and projections, we build physical risk reports for companies and regional adaptation systems, aligned with public climate adaptation platforms and strategies.

C3S · CC BY 4.0

Climate applied to crops

Where climate meets farming: improving crops by analyzing weather values and multiple spectral indices: frost risk, water stress, and sowing windows on the real parcel.

weather + spectral indices

The warming, in numbers

The global average temperature has spent three years around the 1.5°C threshold of the Paris Agreement: if you size an investment or a crop plan with the climate of thirty years ago, you are deciding with an old map.

Global mean temperature anomaly vs 1850-1900, by yearGlobal mean temperature anomaly vs 1850-1900, by yeardegrees Celsius above the pre-industrial level (1850-1900), C3S ERA5 data2023+1.48°C2024+1.60°C2025+1.47°C
Source: C3S: 2023 climate summary · C3S: 2024 climate summary · C3S: Global Climate Highlights 2025. 2024 was the first year clearly above 1.5°C over the pre-industrial level, and 2023, 2024, and 2025 are the three warmest years on record.

How we put it to work

Climate data only matters if it changes a decision: which variety to plant, which infrastructure to reinforce, which risk to accept and which to transfer. We turn ERA5 and the projections into indicators per parcel, asset, or municipality, integrated into your decision system, with the uncertainty declared:

A city's heat map, street by street

Sentinel-3 and Landsat satellites measure surface temperature (LST, how hot the ground, the asphalt, or the rooftops are, not the air). The system averages several summer passes and shows which neighborhoods overheat most and which cool down with trees or water. The output is an urban heat island map that ranks where to prioritize shade, greenery, or cool pavements.

Sentinel-3 and Landsat · land surface temperature (LST)

Drought tracking, week by week

The European Drought Observatory combines rainfall, soil moisture, and plant vigor into indicators such as the SPI, which measures whether it has rained more or less than normal, and the CDI, which merges several signals into a single drought traffic light. The system tracks those indices over your district or your basin and alerts you when they turn to warning. You anticipate restrictions and plan the season weeks ahead.

European Drought Observatory · SPI and CDI · weekly

The footprint of a flood or a heatwave, before and after

After an extreme event, comparing the Sentinel image from before and after measures the affected area: what flooded, what burned, or which crop was lost. The system computes that difference over your assets or your municipality and sums it up in figures and a map. You get the evidence for a claim, an aid request, or an adaptation plan, with the uncertainty declared.

Sentinel-1 and 2 · before and after · affected area

We measured it and wrote it up

See the whole blog →

Which decision in your organization depends on the climate of the next ten years?

Tell us. We will tell you which dataset answers it, at what resolution, and with what uncertainty.

Talk to the team